15 April 2025

Why Trump's War With China is Much Bigger Than Trade

Matthew Tostevin and Didi Kirsten Tatlow

"If the United States will not fight the world's largest tyranny politically, then inevitably, it will have to fight it economically, and eventually, militarily," Chinese dissident Wei Jingsheng told the U.S. Congress in 2000.

What has emerged as a trade war by President Donald Trump with Xi Jinping's China underlines the much larger struggle for global dominance between the rival powers and the very real possibility of the military conflict for which both sides are now gearing up intensively.

"China and America Aren't Just in a Trade War. It's a Fight for the 21st Century," wrote Matt Pottinger and Liza Tobin, both senior China hands and veterans of the first Trump administration. "Xi and Trump are now in a zero-sum contest for global supremacy," they argued in the Free Press.

Dissident Wei's comments came at a Congressional hearing ahead of China's 2001 access to the World Trade Organization, which helped propel it to the status of the greatest manufacturing power and America's main strategic rival.

Market Abuse

Americans argue that China abused its global market access: stealing intellectual property, supporting strategic industries, manipulating its currency and depriving foreign companies—especially those from the U.S.—of fair access to Chinese markets. China denies any malpractice.

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