14 April 2025

Understanding the National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology Report

Julie Heng

The comprehensive report from the bipartisan National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology (NSCEB) delivers a “sobering, even frightening,” conclusion: that China is quickly ascending to biotechnology dominance, having made biotechnology a strategic priority for 20 years. To remain competitive, the report asserts, the United States must take swift action in the next three years. “Otherwise, we risk falling behind, a setback from which we may never recover.”

Established by Congress in the FY 2022 Defense Authorization Act, the NSCEB was tasked with examining biotechnology’s role in national security and recommending strategies to bolster U.S. leadership. Chaired by Senator Todd Young, the NSCEB report draws on over 1,800 consultations with stakeholders, reviews of classified and unclassified materials, site visits across the United States, and discussions with domestic and international government and technology leaders. In the 18 months following the report’s release, the commission will continue to push to implement its recommendations, including seeking new legislation and collaborating with regulatory agencies.

This topic is deeply important, and this commentary breaks down the report’s key findings and recommendations.

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