Rudra Chaudhuri and Amlan Mohanty
A “central pillar” of the TRUST initiative, as highlighted in the joint statement, is a commitment by leaders on both sides to “work with U.S. and Indian private industry to put forward a U.S.-India Roadmap on Accelerating AI Infrastructure.” Three primary goals have been mentioned in relation to AI: (1) accelerating the build out of U.S.-origin AI infrastructure in India by enabling market access, industry partnerships and investments; (2) unlocking constraints in financing, building, powering, and connecting such infrastructure; (3) supporting the development of innovative AI models and applications.
On April 10, 2025, Carnegie India held a U.S.-India Track 1.5 meeting with officials from both countries, industry representatives, lawyers, civil society, and experts to brainstorm a policy agenda to realize these goals. This was organized during Carnegie India’s Global Technology Summit, co-hosted with the Indian Ministry of External Affairs. The takeaways are as follows.
Review of the AI Diffusion Rules
The predominant view in India is that the AI Diffusion Rules will constrain the ability of U.S. technology firms to build out their AI infrastructure in India and hamper their ability to develop AI models in the country—two key goals of the TRUST initiative.
The Framework for Artificial Intelligence Diffusion, introduced towards the end of the Biden administration, placed India in “tier two” of the rules, limiting its ability to source computing power from the United States.
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