Jeremy Makowski
As the 2020s advance, the nature of warfare is undergoing a profound transformation. Cyber and electronic warfare have emerged as indispensable elements in modern geopolitical confrontations. Nations, armed forces, paramilitary groups, and even non-state actors, including terrorist organizations, are leveraging cutting-edge technologies to secure tactical advantages without resorting to conventional combat. By targeting communications networks, critical infrastructure, and strategic systems, these adversaries are redefining the battlefield where digital operations intersect with physical conflict.
Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, we anticipate a further expansion in the deployment of cyber and electronic warfare tools ranging from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) to signal jammers and advanced sensors complemented by increasingly sophisticated intelligence gathering methods.
The Rise of Cyber Warfare Operations
Cyber warfare has firmly established itself as a cornerstone of contemporary geopolitical strategy. The heightened reliance on digital infrastructure for communication, defense, and commerce makes these systems prime targets for disruption. Both state and non-state actors engage in cyberattacks, espionage, and sabotage to undermine critical systems and alter the dynamics of conflict. For example, Russia’s systematic use of cyber tools to compromise Ukrainian government networks, energy grids, and military operations since 2014 illustrates the potent impact of these strategies.
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