19 April 2025

Lessons learned from critical reviews of Gen. Saltzman’s “Competitive Endurance”

Brian G. Chow

Two years ago, Gen. B. Chance Saltzman, Chief of Space Operations (CSO) of the US Space Force, called on both government insiders and external experts to “think deeply and critically” about his proposed theory of success for the Space Force, Competitive Endurance. In response, critical reviews have been published, fostering a broader exchange of ideas and feedback that are essential for refining the theory as it remains in the proposal stage.

As this review process continues, it is now crucial to assess its effectiveness, identifying both successes and shortcomings. This analysis reveals that several practical adjustments are necessary to ensure that Gen. Saltzman’s vision receives more comprehensive feedback. Without a broader range of input, the improvements required to effectively guide the Space Force could be significantly delayed.

Gen. Saltzman introduced Competitive Endurance during his keynote address at the Air & Space Forces Association (AFA) Warfare Symposium on March 7, 2023. In concluding his address, he emphasized the importance of critical thinking and collaboration, urging his audience to engage with his ideas. He stated, “My final comment is a challenge to all Guardians, mission partners, and other stakeholders, think deeply and critically about what I’ve proposed here. Challenge the assumptions, make your own assertions, recommendations, test your ideas, and share those ideas broadly.”

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