Hybrid AI and Human Red Teams: Critical to Preventing Policies from Exploitation by Adversaries

David Bray

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Red Cell

Despite the widespread belief among policymakers that geopolitical considerations alone are sufficient when developing technology policies and export controls, this view overlooks three crucial vulnerabilities that pose substantial risks to U.S. national security.

First, the accelerating pace of technological advancement has outpaced traditional geopolitical analysis frameworks. Just as the advent of steam engines created opportunities for new types of crime, like train robberies, today’s technology policies, intended to protect U.S. technologies from exploitation, can be weaponized by adversaries—creating vulnerabilities more severe than the original threats they aimed to address.

Second, rigorous analysis of adversaries’ capabilities in the formation of tech policies—a capability that was once a cornerstone of national security decisionmaking—has eroded. During the Cold War, the National Security Council (NSC) ultimately excelled at anticipating how adversaries might exploit U.S. tech policies, but recent decisions suggest this critical perspective is no longer a high priority—leaving the United States increasingly vulnerable to unintended consequences.