Cyberspace as a warfare domain
Cyberspace is considered as the fifth domain of warfare, and is as critical to military operations as land, sea, air, and space. It is a domain encompassing everything from information and telecommunication networks and infrastructure and the data they support, to computer systems, processors and controllers.
Cyberspace has become an increasingly contested strategic domain and a field for strategic competition. Moreover, digital and physical infrastructure are interdependent, meaning that significant cybersecurity incidents can disrupt or damage critical infrastructure – such as energy and transport networks – that armed forces in the EU rely on.
In recent years, state and non-state actors have intensified cyberattacks, espionage and disinformation campaigns targeting the EU and its member states, including the defence sector. Malicious behaviour by these actors has increased exponentially following Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine.
The EU and its member states are working together to protect European citizens, national armed forces and EU civilian and military missions and operations against cyber threats. They are boosting cooperation on and investments in cyber defence and enhancing the EU’s ability to prevent, detect, defend against, recover from, and deter cyberattacks.
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