Jakob Bund, Annegret Bendiek & Jonas Hemmelskamp
The persistent nature of threats enabled by cyber and information space (CIR) capabilities has put the response strategies of governments in Europe and beyond to the test. The cumulative gains cyber campaigns seek to develop challenge traditional diplomatic tools that are designed to impose one-off consequences.
To further the understanding of how foreign and security policy instruments can contribute to countering these threats, the European Repository of Cyber Incidents (EuRepoC) has been tracking cyber operations of political implication and state responses over two and a half decades.
The Repository combines this depth in data with the continuous daily expansion of the dataset to enable short-term and long-term trend analysis. Focusing on the EU landscape, the key findings presented in this 2024 edition of the Cyber Activity Balance1 draw on EuRepoC’s open-source based contribution to empirically-driven cyber peace and conflict research.
Ransomware attacks are leading on intensity
Following a surge in threat activity documented for the EU in 2023, activity remained at an elevated level in 2024. Operations against EU targets increased by 16%. Considering the slight decrease in the volume of operations tracked globally (excluding EU member states) of 6.3%, this development points to a concentration of malicious activity against EU targets in 2024.
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