8 February 2025

Unconventional Dominance: SOF’s Campaigning Strategy for the 21st Century

Monte Erfourth

Introduction

This article is PART II of the concept of campaigning outlined in "SOF Competitive Campaigning in Great Power Competition" by Monte Erfourth, published on January 24, 2025, on Strategy Central. That article explored the evolving role of Special Operations Forces (SOF) in the strategic framework of great power competition. Unlike traditional warfare, this form of competition prioritizes continuous national-level campaigns designed to protect U.S. interests while avoiding costly conflicts.

The concept of competitive campaigning, emerging from the 2022 National Defense Strategy, emphasizes synchronized operations across the competition continuum to deter, degrade, deny, and defeat adversarial threats. The article envisions a SOF-led campaign operating in the gray zone (leveraging special operations capabilities not found elsewhere in the DOD) to counter China, Russia, and Iran. Success in this domain requires SOF to enhance its understanding of adversaries, integrate advanced intelligence tools, and adapt training and deployment strategies to meet evolving challenges.

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