He Yan
Border ports serve as crucial gateways, connecting a country to the outside world and facilitating foreign exchanges and economic cooperation. Over the years, as global trade has grown and evolved, China’s border ports have also transformed. They have shifted from a traditional “channel economy” to a more dynamic, value-added, and sustainable “industrial economy”. However, geopolitical tensions and rising trade protectionism present new challenges in the current global climate. Policies like import restrictions and higher tariffs in some countries affect China’s port economy. These shifts also mean that border ports now face even greater demands for further development.
The shift in the industrial economic development of China’s border ports from the traditional “channel economy” to the “industrial economy” is reflected in many ways.
One key area of growth is in logistics and tourism. As transportation infrastructure in border cities continues to improve, both sectors have become significant and rapidly growing components of the port economy. For example, in places like Yunnan, industries such as cross-border tourism, shopping, e-commerce, and logistics are rising quickly, showing strong growth trends. At the same time, the increased convenience of cross-border logistics has facilitated the export of local specialty products, further boosting the economic development of border regions. Specifically, data from Yunnan’s entry-exit border inspection stations shows that the total number of entry and exit passengers reached 24.77 million for the year, marking a 64.5% year-on-year increase. The number of transportation vehicles (including cars, ships, planes, and trains) was 3.42 million, up by 21.6%. Notably, Kunming Changshui International Airport, the busiest airport of entry in Yunnan, saw a passenger flow of 2.97 million, a 137% increase compared to the previous year.
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