Shafi Md Mostofa
Terrorism in Bangladesh is a multifaceted phenomenon, intricately linked to local and global politics. Over the years, it has evolved into a tool manipulated for political advantage, an ideological battleground, and a product of external narratives imposed on the country. Based on my rare opportunity to interview 32 individuals who had been accused of terrorism under Bangladesh’s anti-terrorism law, a complex picture of victimization, ideological radicalization, and political opportunism emerges. These interviews reveal how the issue of terrorism in Bangladesh intertwines with West-centric narratives, ideological extremism, and the political strategies of the Awami League (AL).
The AL was continuously in power from 2009 until August 2024, when it was toppled by a mass protest movement. During its reign, the AL government effectively used the issue of terrorism to consolidate power and delegitimize political opposition. During interviews, nearly 70 percent of the individuals accused of terrorism revealed a common narrative: They were victims of the government’s policies and the ambitions of law enforcement officials. Most of these individuals claimed that security forces arrested them without substantial evidence, often citing orders from senior officers seeking promotions or political rewards. This recurring narrative suggests a systemic effort by the previous government to keep the issue of terrorism alive.
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