Sofia Romansky, Joris Teer and A. Plantenga
Introduction
1.1 The Current Geopolitical Landscape and the Impact of AI on the Military Domain
Increased great-power rivalry has contributed to an acceleration of competition in defence, dual-use and civilian industries. Specifically, China’s rapid military modernisation has caused alarm in the US, Asia and Europe. If the US-China military balance of power definitively tips in China’s favour, this could have far-reaching consequences for security in East Asia, as well as globally.2 After all, both East Asian democracies and Europe rely on US military power for their protection. In turn, Europe depends on East Asia as the world’s manufacturing hub.3 For over a decade, China has made large scale investments to close the military-technological gap between the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and Western militaries.4 If China complements its quantitative advantages—such as its shipbuilding capacity, which far exceeds that of any other country— with leadership in emerging disruptive technologies (EDTs), particularly artificial intelligence (AI), the PLA could threaten stability in East Asia.
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