27 January 2025

The Challenge of AI-Enhanced Cognitive Warfare: A Call to Arms for a Cognitive Defense - Opinion

Douglas Wilbur

Specialist Jones was in the motor pool when he received the Facebook post that led to his demise. A Facebook friend he had never met with sent him a video. His wife Carla was engaged in sexual intercourse with Sergeant Martinez. Jones, who is prone to impulsive behavior, became enraged and irrational. He went home, grabbed a hammer, and beat Carla to death. Then he committed suicide. For the Chinese artificial intelligence (AI) system, it was a spectacular success. A well-trained and experienced soldier was neutralized in an hour at a negligible cost. The AI system analyzed the social media history of Jones and his wife, and within 20 seconds, determined that Jones was liable to violence if presented with a deepfake video denoting marital infidelity. The AI gathered social media pictures of Carla and Martinez and made a reasonably accurate assessment of what they might look like naked. This speculative and graphic example demonstrates how emerging AI-enabled cognitive threat systems and methodologies can be employed to exploit systemic personnel vulnerabilities and undermine the health and functionality of America’s warfighters. To date, this cognitive threat receives little, if any, consideration within the DoD.

The advent of AI-driven information warfare weapons is leading a new revolution in military affairs, and the future could be grim unless defensive measures are undertaken. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is aggressively pursuing what they call cognitive warfare. The goal is to manipulate a target’s mental functioning in a wide variety of manners to obtain some desirable goal. The Chinese Communist Party Party’s (CCP) philosophy of conflict is evolving to consider the human brain as an operational domain. They envision an integrated system of systems where humans will integrate into and be cognitively enhanced by information technology (IT) systems as some type of transhuman evolutional development. In this theory of victory, war no longer entails the destruction of enemy troop formations on the battlefield. A new form of victory where one’s systems overwhelm, disrupt, paralyze, or destroy the ability of enemy systems to operate at all, let alone engage in a traditional military offensive. This fictional story presents hypothetical scenarios presented here are meant to elucidate the threat that powerful emerging technologies can exploit human biological weakness.

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