Shyamasis Das
Executive Summary
Battery-driven electric vehicles (EVs) hold promise for decarbonising India’s rapidly growing road transport sector. However, achieving significant emission reductions through widespread EV uptake is not a given. It hinges on the energy performance of EVs and cross-sector linkages, especially to the power sector. This paper examines the complexities of the climate impact of the transition to electric drivetrains based on a data-driven analysis that best reflects the real-world use of EVs. It offers actionable insights that call for interventions spanning policy to implementation levels to maximise the climate benefits of India’s EV revolution.
1. The Allure of Electric Mobility and the Imperative for a Reality Check
India’s economic progress is intricately linked to the expansion of its road transport network. This sector, while vital, is a significant contributor to the nation’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and deteriorating air quality. EVs, heralded globally as a cornerstone of green transportation, offer a compelling solution to mitigate these environmental challenges. However, in a country where fossil fuels still dominate electricity generation, transitioning from petroleum to electrons in powering the vehicles does not automatically result in substantial emission reductions.
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