14 November 2024

Blocking the Blueprint: Technological Barriers Against 3D-Printed Firearms

Dr Yannick Veilleux-Lepage

Introduction

Over the last decade, consumer 3D printing technology has advanced rapidly, driven by the expiration of numerous patents and the growth of a large, global online community of designers, tinkerers, and hobbyists. These developments have significantly influenced the 3D-printed firearm (3DPF) movement. What began as basic single-shot handguns has evolved into extremely sophisticated and reliable firearms. Alongside firearms, 3D-printed accessories such as magazines, suppressors, and optics have also advanced significantly. One particularly concerning trend is the rise of 3D-printed conversion devices (often known as auto-sears or switches)—small components that can convert semi-automatic firearms into fully automatic weapons.

While a significant portion of the 3D-printed firearm community operates lawfully in the United States, where the First and Second Amendments protect many such activities, these developments have not gone unnoticed by insurgents, terrorists, and extremists. Additionally, criminal networks worldwide have turned to 3D-printed firearms as both a lucrative source of income and a means of arming themselves.


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