Vitaliy Goncharuk
In 2019, Ukraine set up the Ministry of Digital Transformation to promote automation and digitisation in the public sector and in 2020 established within it the Expert Committee on the Development of Artificial Intelligence.[1] In 2021, it released a strategy for integrating AI into its military-industrial complex.[2] International companies such as Amazon, Lyft, Google, Samsung, and Grammarly have recognised Ukraine as a leading country for AI research and development (R&D) and established local R&D offices. However, Ukraine’s reputation for bureaucratic inefficiency, corruption, and political interference has discouraged IT leaders from collaborating with the state-owned firms that dominate the defence sector.[3]
Ukraine has been at war for over ten years. Its strong civil society, and the use of military drones and AI are not recent developments. For example, volunteer organisations have long used AI to combat sustained information warfare by debunking fake media, exposing bot networks, and pushing back against narratives that target Ukraine’s reputation.[4] They have, since 2014-15, developed valuable tools such as Kropyva, a situational awareness system, and the GIS Arta app, dubbed ‘artillery Uber,’ that speed up and help synchronise artillery targeting and are deployed at scale today to great effect.[5]
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