Abraham Ename Minko
Introduction
Countries in the Horn of Africa, including Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti, have long faced challenges from terrorism and violent extremism. Groups like Al Shabaab have taken advantage of the region’s instability by spreading propaganda online and carrying out deadly attacks. Just in August 2024, Al Shabaab struck a beach in Mogadishu with a suicide bomb, killing at least 37 and injuring more than 200. Their ability to recruit, radicalise and mobilise people locally and globally demonstrates how modern terrorist organizations can adapt to situations. They don’t just rely on violence, they use online platforms to promote their agenda and coordinate activities effectively.
In today’s era, terrorism has evolved as groups use the internet to connect with an audience. Online platforms offer a ground for these groups to share their beliefs, attract members and raise funds. For instance, Al Shabaab has leveraged social media sites like Twitter and Telegram to spread their message drawing supporters and operatives from outside the Horn of Africa region. This shift towards tactics highlights the need for strategies, beyond traditional law enforcement or military actions.
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