Simon Hutagalung
The rise of far-right movements in Europe in 2024 reflects deep-seated concerns about identity, economic security, and governance. Once considered fringe political elements, far-right parties have gained significant traction in national parliaments, shaping public discourse and challenging the core tenets of liberal democracy.
This shift has highlighted a broader weakening of Western democratic institutions, marked by growing polarisation, distrust in political systems, and declining faith in the European Union (EU). As Europe grapples with these issues, Southeast Asia’s experience with multiculturalism, political resilience, and balancing sovereignty with regional cooperation provides valuable lessons. The rise of far-right movements reveals profound crises, but with thoughtful reforms, Europe can counter these challenges and restore its democratic foundations.
Economic Factors and Political Disillusionment
One of the key drivers behind the rise of the far right in Europe is economic instability, which has persisted since the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic exacerbated existing vulnerabilities, from inflation to unemployment, leading to economic discontent across the continent. In particular, rising living costs, wage stagnation, and weakened social safety nets have disproportionately affected lower-income groups, fuelling frustration with traditional political parties.
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