Haydee Dennard, Bela Koshy, Ana Martín Gil, Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, Jim Krane
Since October 2023, attacks by Yemen’s Houthi militants against civilian shipping in the Red Sea have created havoc along one of the world’s busiest maritime trade routes. These attacks have produced the third major disruption to global supply chains since 2020, coming on the heels of interruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Shipping firms — particularly those with ties to Israel or its allies in the United States and Europe — have been forced to reroute their vessels around the southern tip of Africa, adding costs and delays to cargoes. This issue brief examines the strategic and economic significance of the Houthi attacks, which have been motivated by the war in Gaza and abetted by geopolitical shifts in the region.
It also summarizes a discussion — hosted by the Baker Institute Middle East Energy Roundtable in May 2024 —led by the following experts:
- Elisabeth Kendall, president of Girton College at the University of Cambridge.
- Mohammed Ayatollahi Tabaar, fellow for the Middle East at the Baker Institute.
- Christian Dwyer, shipping and offshore specialist and partner at Schjødt.
- The Honorable David M. Satterfield, director of the Baker Institute.
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