29 July 2024

Digital Transformation and Pan-Domain: The CAF’s Quiet Revolution in Military Affairs

Alexander Rudolph

Introduction

In June 2022, then-Minister of National Defence Anita Anand announced an almost $40 billion plan described as North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Modernization. However, on a closer reading, this plan is digital modernization in NORAD clothing. The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) is undergoing one of the most significant modernization efforts in its history, even larger than NORAD modernization once we understand that it is part of the CAF’s digital transformation. It is no coincidence that four of the five NORAD modernization investment areas either explicitly deal with modernizing command and control or existing Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) capabilities through digital modernization or are heavily associated with such capabilities. These NORAD command and control (C2) and C4ISR improvements are informed by the United States’ multi-domain concepts, which directly impacts how the CAF is modernizing its capabilities and how it fights. These modernization efforts are part of the CAF’s efforts to adopt pan-domain operating concepts, which is used interchangeably with multi-domain.

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