By Gerard du Cann
CHINA is "colonising" smaller countries by lending them massive amounts of money they can never repay, it's been claimed. The country is accused of leveraging massive loans it holds over small states worldwide to snatch assets and increase its military footprint. 7Countries around the world owe huge sums to President Xi Jinping's China Developing countries from Pakistan to Djibouti, the Maldives to Fiji, all owe huge amounts to China. Already there are examples of defaulters being pressured into surrendering control of assets or allowing military bases on their land. Some are calling it "debt-trap diplomacy" or "debt colonialism" - offering enticing loans to countries unable to repay, and then demanding concessions when they default.
Sri Lanka provided a prime example last year.
Owing more than $1billion (£786million) in debts to China, Sri Lanka handed over a port to companies owned by the Chinese government on a 99-year lease.
And Djibouti, home to the US military’s main base in Africa, also looks likely to cede control of a port terminal to a Beijing-linked firm.
America is eager to stop the Doraleh Container Terminal falling into Chinese hands, particularly because it sits next to China's only overseas military base.
Last March ex-Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Beijing encouraged "dependency using opaque contracts, predatory loan practices, and corrupt deals that mire nations in debt and undercut their sovereignty".
Play VideoChinese tourists flock to Scotts chippy in North Yorkshire after then president Xi Jinping visiting with PM David Cameron in 2015
AFP - GETTY
7It is estimated the Chinese military sits at over two million personnel
A report from The Center for Global Development offers some insight into the spreading China debt.
It shows how infrastructure project loans to the likes of Mongolia, Montenegro and Laos have resulted in millions or even billions in debts, which often account for huge percentages of the countries' GDPs.
Many of these projects are linked to the "Belt and Road" initiative - a bold project to create trade routes through huge swathes of Eurasia, with China at the centre.
GETTY
7Debt-ridden Sri Lanka's Hambantota port, which China recently seized control of
Participating countries often undertake work on roads and ports with part-funding from China.
More recently, China's debt empire has been rearing its head in the Pacific, prompting fears the country intends to leverage the debt to expand its military footprint into the South Pacific.
Beijing's creation of man-made islands in the disputed South China Sea for use as military bases suggests the concern may be warranted.
GETTY - CONTRIBUTOR
7Some of the disputed South China Sea islands have had airstrips built on them
AP:ASSOCIATED PRESS
7Military batteries have been spotted on the disputed islands
In April China made these intentions more obvious - approaching Vanuatu about setting up a military base.
Australia expressed alarm at this move, which would effectively increase Chinese military presence on a key gateway to Australia’s east coast, The Times reports.
Vanuatu owes £191million to China, according to one think tank.
Among the projects this money funded was the largest wharf in the South Pacific - considered capable of accommodating aircraft carriers.
China defended its lending practices, saying they were "sincere and unselfish", and insisting it only lent to countries that could repay.
Tonga is one among a list of South Pacific countries that have taken on debt in recent years.
Sydney’s Lowy Institute think tank, which has closely monitored China’s activities in the Pacific, estimates Beijing has poured nearly £1.4billion into Pacific countries since 2006.
Other big debtors include Papua New Guinea, which owes roughly £498million in development and aid debt, Fiji, which owes £496million, and Samoa, with debt of £181million.
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