By Luke Hunt
August 21, 2015
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Myanmar are the poorest, least well-run countries within ASEAN. They are also notoriously publicity-shy. Anything negative that needs to be shared is usually served-up amid a flurry of bureaucratic dogma that tends to bury the bad news. The messages are still there, but one needs to pay attention.
And it’s worth adding that there is nothing that could be less appealing to a newspaper editor – even a communist one – than a gathering of bureaucrats for a discussion about “budgets and oversights” at a joint workshop for ASEAN’s most economically challenged.
Recently, it was at such a function that the head of the National Assembly’s Committee for Finance and Budget, Phung Quoc Hien, underscored that “any changes in the global economy would have huge impacts on developing countries like Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.”
Yes, Hanoi said “huge impacts.” And it’s worth more than the passing notice it barely got while buried on the webpages of the state-owned Vietnam News Service (VNS).
The obvious economic bombshell to hit Indochina is landing directly from above, led by an inevitable rout of theChinese stock market where Beijing has repeatedly failed to end the massive sell-off with a series of measures including a devaluation of the yuan.
Devaluation has already forced regional governments to follow suit and bring down the value of their currencies in order to maintain their competitiveness within their respective export markets.
The cause and effect of this is impossible to predict at this early stage of what should be a major shake out in the global economic cycle
But China is not the only problem. The economic consequences of a conflict in Thailand or Vietnam’s ascension to the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) are another two imposing risks. Meanwhile, Malaysia appears ready todescend into a financial abyss and the rest of the region would also be significantly hurt by another downturn in the United States.
Against that backdrop are constant threats in the South China Sea, where Beijing seems intent on pushing Southeast Asian claimant states into a confrontation over disputed reefs, islands and maritime borders.
Hien’s warning was delivered at a two-day workshop for the four countries to “share experiences in financial management helping them adjust and complete legislative mechanisms.”
It should be taken seriously. Vietnam has spent the past three years in the economic doldrums while Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar are struggling to shed their least developed status.
Economic growth has been impressive – on paper at least – for some. But a yawning wealth gap is emerging as a major issue for governments to deal with. Then there’s the impact of quantitative easing, not just in the United States, but among ASEAN countries and their neighbors as well.
According to the VNS report, paraphrasing Hien: “Vietnam has joined the group of middle-income countries, and this had posed tremendous challenges to growth quality, productivity, competitiveness, the macro-economy and the labor market.”
“In addition, development gaps and the middle-income trap remain setbacks to the nation …. Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar could face the same challenges because they had similar economies,” the dispatch said.
Importantly, the policy wonks are worried and are looking out on the horizons for an economic tsunami, which will initially threaten the heavily indebted.
Whether the next economic downturn will match the force of the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997/98 or the Global Financial Crisis a decade later is already the question among many investors. But with so many unknowns, answers are unlikely anytime soon.
Luke Hunt can be followed on Twitter @lukeanthonyhunt.
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